Put an end to your pup’s itch

Belly rubs and tickles behind the ear will leave any fur baby’s tail wagging, but what happens if the itch persists?

Frequent scratching, licking or biting may be a sign that your wet-nosed companion needs veterinary care. Chronic itching and skin irritation can lead to discomfort, infections, and even behavioural changes in dogs, subsequently affecting their overall well-being and happiness.

“Allergies are the number one reason dogs visit the vet,” said Dr Tarryn Dent, business unit lead, companion animals, at Zoetis South Africa.

“Persistent itching can lead to discomfort, skin damage and secondary infections. Identifying the cause and seeking appropriate treatment is essential for your pet’s well-being.”

Dogs can suffer from a wide range of allergies. Identifying the root cause is the first step towards effective treatment.

Most common dog allergies:

• Flea allergy dermatitis (FAD): Some dogs are highly sensitive to allergens found in flea saliva. A single flea bite can trigger intense itching, particularly around the lower back and tail.

Flea allergies are more common in warmer months but can occur all year round in homes where fleas persist. Signs include red, irritated skin, hair loss and excessive scratching. Preventative flea control is key in managing this condition.

• Environmental allergies (Atopic Dermatitis): Pollen, dust mites, mould and other environmental allergens can cause allergic reactions. Symptoms often begin between six months and three years and can worsen over time.

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Itching typically affects the paws, face, ears and underarms, leading to frequent scratching, licking and chewing. The irritation often results in red, inflamed skin and secondary bacterial or yeast infections, which intensify discomfort.

• Food allergies
Canines can develop allergic reactions to certain dietary ingredients such as proteins like beef, dairy, chicken, lamb as well as wheat.

Unlike food intolerances, which cause digestive issues, food allergies manifest as skin problems, making it harder to distinguish from environmental allergies.

Symptoms include chronic ear infections, itchy skin and gastrointestinal upset. A veterinarian-supervised elimination diet is the best way to diagnose food allergies.

• Contact allergies
The least common type of allergy, contact allergies occur when a dog’s skin reacts to direct contact with irritants such as certain grasses, synthetic materials, shampoos or pesticides.

Signs include redness, itching and irritation at the site of contact, typically the feet, belly or muzzle. Avoiding the irritant is the best course of action, but topical or systemic treatments may be necessary.

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If you notice any of the following symptoms, your dog may be dealing with an allergic reaction:
• Frequent licking, chewing, or biting of paws, legs and tail
• Excessive rolling, rubbing or scooting along the ground
• Persistent ear infections or head shaking
• Hair loss, rashes or inflamed skin
• Changes in skin texture or colour
• Unusual or foul odours coming from the skin or ears
• General restlessness or discomfort

Treatment without the struggle
Administering medication can be a challenge. Studies show that 65% of owners struggle to get their dogs to take a pill, while some may even hide or run away at the sight of medication.

This can make treatment compliance difficult, prolonging discomfort for both pups and owners.

“New and convenient treatment options are now available with manufacturers, such as Zoetis, offering a wide range of effective itch relief solutions, including chewable tablets and monthly injections. Ask your vet about suitable treatment options to provide lasting relief against scratching and discomfort,” said Dent.