As the global community observed World Stroke Day on October 29, the Gauteng Department of Health emphasises the urgent need for community members to recognise the early signs of a stroke and take immediate action.

In line with this year’s theme, “Every Minute Counts,” the department reminds communities that swift medical intervention can save lives and reduce the risk of long-term disabilities following a stroke incident.

According to the department, the province reported over 32 000 new cases of strokes between 2020 and 2024, leading to 105 441 follow-up cases.

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This alarming trend highlights the urgent need for awareness, prevention and timely intervention to combat the rising incidence of strokes in communities.

A stroke occurs when the blood supply to a part of the brain is being restricted, preventing brain cells from receiving enough oxygen and important nutrients. The impact of stroke differs depending on which area of the brain is affected.

There are three main types of strokes.

Haemorrhagic stroke which happens when blood vessels within the brain burst and causes bleeding in and around affected area.

Ischaemic stroke occurs when a blood clot blocks blood flow to the brain, which is known as a cerebral thrombosis.

Transient Ischaemic Attack (TIA) also known as a mini stroke, is a temporary blockage that presents stroke-like symptoms but resolves quickly. However, if not treated, it can lead to a major stroke.

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It is important for the public to recognise the early warning signs of a stroke such as the sudden loss of balance or dizziness, blurred vision or loss of vision, a drooping face on one side, weakness or numbness in one arm and difficulty speaking.

The department urges communities to seek immediate medical attention if anyone in their families or neighbourhood presents with any signs of a stroke.

The affected person should be taken directly to the nearest hospital emergency department for timely medical intervention.

Public health facilities across the province offer rehabilitation services for patients who suffered a stroke. A multidisciplinary team of experts such as physiotherapists, occupational therapists, speech therapists and dietitians play a vital role in supporting patients in regaining independence and improving their quality of life.

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The public is encouraged to adopt healthy lifestyle habits to prevent strokes, including engaging in regular physical activities such as walking, running, cycling, swimming, dancing and participating in aerobic or strength-training exercises.

Following a balanced diet and maintaining a healthy weight are also crucial in reducing the risk of a stroke.

Incorporating these activities into daily routine and prioritising regular health screening can improve the overall fitness and wellbeing of communities.