The Gauteng Department of Health is calling on community members to recognise the early signs of stroke and take immediate action.

As the world observes World Stroke Day on October 29 under this year’s theme, Every Minute Counts, the department is reminding communities that quick medical intervention can save lives and reduce the risk of long-term disabilities following a stroke.

According to the department, the province reported over 32 000 new stroke cases between 2020 and 2024, leading to 105 441 follow-up cases in recent years.

The department stated that the alarming trend highlights the urgent need for awareness, prevention and timely intervention to combat the rising incidence of strokes in communities.

“A stroke occurs when the blood supply to a part of the brain is restricted, preventing brain cells from receiving enough oxygen and important nutrients. The impact of a stroke differs depending on which area of the brain is affected,” explained the department.

There are three main types of strokes. Haemorrhagic stroke happens when a blood vessel within the brain bursts, causing bleeding in and around the affected area.

Ischaemic stroke occurs when a blood clot blocks blood flow to the brain, also known as a cerebral thrombosis. A Transient Ischaemic Attack (TIA), or mini stroke, is a temporary blockage that presents stroke-like symptoms but resolves quickly. If left untreated, however, a TIA can lead to a major stroke.

The department emphasised the importance of recognising early warning signs, including sudden loss of balance or dizziness, blurred or lost vision, a drooping face on one side, weakness or numbness in one arm, and difficulty speaking.

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“The department urges communities to seek immediate medical attention if anyone in their families or neighbourhood shows any signs of a stroke. The affected person should be taken directly to the nearest hospital emergency department for timely medical intervention,” it said.

Public health facilities across the province also offer rehabilitation services for stroke patients. A multidisciplinary team of experts, including physiotherapists, occupational therapists, speech therapists and dietitians, plays a vital role in supporting patients to regain independence and improve their quality of life.

The department encourages the public to adopt healthy lifestyle habits to prevent strokes, such as engaging in regular physical activity, including walking, running, cycling, swimming, dancing and aerobic or strength-training exercises.

“Following a balanced diet and maintaining a healthy weight are also crucial in reducing the risk of a stroke. Incorporating these activities into daily routines and prioritising regular health screening can improve the overall fitness and wellbeing of communities,” the department added.