WORLD COPD Day is observed annually on November 19, and this year’s theme was “Short of Breath, Think COPD”.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is the third leading cause of death worldwide, and to raise awareness, Life Westville Hospital and specialist physician and pulmonologist Dr Prinita Baijnath invited patients and specialists to speak about the illness, its risks, management, and available treatments.

Dr Prinita Baijnath explained that COPD is a common, preventable, and treatable disease, but significant under-diagnosis and misdiagnosis often result in patients receiving no treatment or incorrect treatment.

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“COPD is commonly caused by smoking, but it can also result from tuberculosis, HIV, genetic factors, and pollution,” she said. “Symptoms include shortness of breath, coughing, sputum production, and chest tightness.”

Dr. Baijnath noted that the disease is diagnosed using lung function testing, and one of the most effective ways to reduce risk is to stop smoking.

“If it is not treated or detected early, it can lead to complications such as respiratory failure, heart failure, or even lung cancer,” she warned.

She added that people can further protect themselves by receiving the influenza and pneumococcal vaccines. Maintaining a healthy diet and engaging in regular exercise also play an important role.

Other common comorbidities include cardiovascular disease, respiratory infections (such as pneumonia and influenza), mental health disorders (including anxiety and depression), metabolic issues (such as diabetes and weight loss), and bone conditions like osteoporosis.

“To treat and manage COPD, patients are usually prescribed an inhaler, a device that delivers medicine directly into the lungs as they breathe in,” Dr. Baijnath said.

 Vinayagam Moodley (78), who was diagnosed three years ago, shared his experience.

“I went to a general doctor because I was experiencing shortness of breath. He referred me to Dr. Baijnath, who tested me and diagnosed me with COPD,” he said. “I didn’t know about the disease, but with the medication I can manage it. I get tired quickly and can’t climb stairs as often, but I am grateful to Dr. Baijnath who takes good care of us and advises us.”

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