The Epic Foundation is urging people to learn the warning signs of abuse and develop a safety plan, saying abuse often begins with controlling and manipulative behaviour long before it becomes physical.

According to the organisation, healthy relationships should make people feel respected, valued and safe – not fearful, isolated or controlled.

Warning signs of abuse may include constantly walking on eggshells, being criticised or humiliated, having finances controlled, being isolated from loved ones, or feeling intimidated through threats or manipulation.

The foundation said abuse is about power and control rather than a single incident, and survivors often struggle to recognise it because abusive behaviour may be followed by apologies, affection or promises to change.

“If your partner’s behaviour makes you feel unsafe, trapped or afraid, trust your instincts. Those feelings deserve attention,” the organisation said.

The foundation also highlighted the importance of having a safety plan, explaining that it is not only for people who have decided to leave an abusive relationship.

A safety plan gives survivors practical options if their situation becomes unsafe.

A safety plan may include:

• Identifying trusted people who can help in an emergency

• Knowing where to go if immediate safety is needed

• Keeping emergency phone numbers readily available

• Setting aside emergency funds where possible

• Gathering important documents

• Planning for the safety of children and pets

• Reviewing passwords, privacy settings and location-sharing to improve digital security

The organisation noted that children should be included in age-appropriate safety planning by teaching them how to get help in an emergency and reassuring them that abuse is never their fault.

The Epic Foundation said planning ahead can help restore a sense of control and reduce uncertainty during a crisis.

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